Stuctured Query Language

Structured Query Language, also known as SQL, is an industry-standard language for creating, updating, and querying relational database management systems (RDBMS).

There are three basic components for SQL:

• Data Definition Language (DDL) — for creation and modification of relational schema as well as schema objects include relations, indexes, etc.
• Data Manipulation Language (DML) — for inserting, deleting, and updating rows in tables, as well as querying data in tables
• Data Control Language (DCL) — for concurrency control and transactions, as well as administrative tasks including the set up of database users and groups, table security permissions including grants and roles, etc.

SQL Standard Revisions

• SQL-86
• SQL-87
• SQL-89
• SQL-92 also known as SQL2
• SQL:1999 also known as SQL3
• SQL:2003

SQL2003

SQL2003 is the fifth (latest) revision of the SQL database query language that includes XML-related features, window functions, standardized sequences and columns with auto-generated values (including identity-columns). The following includes the sections of the ISO Information technology on Database languages that comprise the SQL:2003 standard.

• ISO/IEC 9075-1:2003 Framework (SQL/Framework)
• ISO/IEC 9075-2:2003 Foundation (SQL/Foundation)
• ISO/IEC 9075-3:2003 Call-Level Interface (SQL/CLI)
• ISO/IEC 9075-4:2003 Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM)
• ISO/IEC 9075-9:2003 Management of External Data (SQL/MED)
• ISO/IEC 9075-10:2003 Object Language Bindings (SQL/OLB)
• ISO/IEC 9075-11:2003 Information and Definition Schemas (SQL/Schemata)
• ISO/IEC 9075-13:2003 SQL Routines and Types Using the Java Programming Language (SQL/JRT)
• ISO/IEC 9075-14:2003 XML-Related Specifications (SQL/XML)

Examples

SQL Syntax

• Wikipedia Comaprison of SQL Syntax

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