Virtuoso SPARQL 1.1. Built-In Functions Usage Examples

What?

This guide contains Virtuoso SPARQL 1.1. Built-In Functions Usage Examples Usage example queries which you can run against any SPARQL endpoint that supports SPARQL 1.1 and the ability to allow a verified user perform INSERT operations.

Why?

Using built-In functions provides flexibility to build accurate and complex queries.

How?

Here are examples showcasing Virtuoso's support for this functionality:

Functions on RDF Terms

• isNumeric: See live results
  

  
  SELECT *
  WHERE 
    { 
      ?x ?t ?o . 
      FILTER isNumeric(?o) 
    }
  LIMIT 10  
  

  
  

Functions on Strings

• STRDT: See live results
  

  
  SELECT  ?o, STRDT("123", xsd:integer)
  WHERE 
    { 
      ?x ?t ?o . 
    }
  LIMIT 10  
  

  
  
• STRLANG: See live results
  

  
  SELECT  ?o, STRLANG("chat", "en")
  WHERE 
    { 
      ?x ?t ?o . 
    }
  LIMIT 10  
  

  
  
• STRLEN: See live results
  

  
  SELECT  ?o, STRLEN(?t)
  WHERE 
    { 
      ?x ?t ?o . 
    }
  LIMIT 10  
  

  
  
• SUBSTR: See live results ****
  

  
  SELECT DISTINCT ?name1 
  WHERE
    {
      ?x <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> ?name1 .
      ?x <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox> ?mbox1 .
      ?y <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> ?name2 .
      ?y <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox> ?mbox2 .
      FILTER (?mbox1 = ?mbox2 && ?name1 != ?name2) .
      FILTER( bif:length(str(?name1)) > 2 && SUBSTR(?name1, 1) LIKE  "%Kingsley%" )
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• UCASE: See live results
  

  
  SELECT UCASE(?name1 )
  WHERE
    {
      ?x <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> ?name1 .
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• LCASE: See live results
  

  
  SELECT LCASE(?name1 )
  WHERE
    {
      ?x <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> ?name1 .
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• strStarts: See live results
  

  
  SELECT ?name1 
  WHERE
    {
      ?x <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> ?name1 .
      FILTER ( strStarts(?name1, "Kingsley") ).
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• strEnds: See live results
  

  
  PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
  SELECT distinct ?name1 
  WHERE
    {
      ?x foaf:name ?name1 .
      ?x foaf:mbox ?mbox1 .
     FILTER ( strEnds(?name1, "hen") ).
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• encode_for_uri: See live results
  

  
  SELECT encode_for_uri(?name1) as ?name
  WHERE
    {
     ?x <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> ?name1 .
      FILTER ( bif:contains(?name1, "France") ).
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• contains: See live results
  

  
  SELECT *
  WHERE
    {
      ?s ?p ?o .
      FILTER (if (isliteral(?o),  contains(str(?o), "Virtuoso"), false))
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• concat: See live results
  

  
  SELECT concat (?name1 ,?name2 )
  WHERE
   {
     ?x <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> ?name1 .
     ?x <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox> ?mbox1 .
     ?y <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> ?name2 .
     ?y <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox> ?mbox2 .
     FILTER (?mbox1 = ?mbox2 && ?name1 != ?name2) .
     FILTER ( contains(?name1, "Dan") ).
   }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• langMatches: See live results
  

  
  SELECT ?title
  WHERE 
    { 
      ?x <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> ?title . 
      FILTER langMatches( lang(?title), "EN" ) 
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• regex: See live results
  

  
  SELECT ?name
  WHERE 
    { 
      ?x <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name>  ?name . 
      FILTER regex(?name, "^ali", "i") . 
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  

Functions on Numerics

• round: See live results
  

  
  SELECT  round(?o) 
  WHERE
    {
      ?s a ?c .
      ?s geo:geometry ?geo .
      ?s ?p ?o .
      FILTER ( bif:isnumeric(?o) )
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• abs: See live results
  

  
  SELECT abs (?o) ?geo 
  WHERE
    {
      ?s a ?c .
      ?s geo:geometry ?geo .
      ?s ?p ?o .
      FILTER (bif:isnumeric(?o) )
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• ceil: See live results
  

  
  SELECT ceil (?o)
  WHERE
    {
      ?s a ?c .
      ?s geo:geometry ?geo .
      ?s ?p ?o .
      FILTER (bif:isnumeric(?o) )
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• floor: See live results
  

  
  SELECT floor(?o)
  WHERE
    {
      ?s a ?c .
      ?s geo:geometry ?geo .
      ?s ?p ?o .
      FILTER (bif:isnumeric(?o) )
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  
• rand: See live results
  

  
  SELECT  floor(?o) rand ()
  WHERE
    {
      ?s a ?c .
      ?s geo:geometry ?geo .
      ?s ?p ?o .
      FILTER (bif:isnumeric(?o) )
    }
  LIMIT 10
  

  
  

Functions on Dates and Times

• now: See live results
  

  
  SELECT now()
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• year: See live results
  

  
  SELECT year("2011-01-10T14:45:13.815-05:00"^^xsd:dateTime)
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• month: See live results
  

  
  SELECT month ("2011-01-10T14:45:13.815-05:00"^^xsd:dateTime)
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• day: See live results
  

  
  SELECT day("2011-01-10T14:45:13.815-05:00"^^xsd:dateTime)
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• hours: See live results
  

  
  SELECT hours("2011-01-10T14:45:13.815-05:00"^^xsd:dateTime)
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• minutes: See live results
  

  
  SELECT minutes("2011-01-10T14:45:13.815-05:00"^^xsd:dateTime)
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• seconds: See live results
  

  
  SELECT seconds ("2011-01-10T14:45:13.815-05:00"^^xsd:dateTime)
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• TIMEZONE: See live results
  

  
  SELECT TIMEZONE ("2011-01-10T14:45:13.815-05:00"^^xsd:dateTime)
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• tz: See live results
  

  
  SELECT tz("2011-01-10T14:45:13.815-05:00"^^xsd:dateTime)
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  

Hash Functions

• MD5: See live results
  

  
  SELECT MD5 ('test')
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• SHA1: See live results
  

  
  SELECT SHA1 ('test')
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• SHA256: See live results
  

  
  SELECT SHA256 ('test')
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• SHA384: See live results
  

  
  SELECT SHA384('test')
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  
• SHA512: See live results
  

  
  SELECT SHA512('test')
  WHERE 
    {
      ?s ?p ?o
    }
  LIMIT 1
  

  
  

Related

• SPARQL 1.1. Functions Definitions
• SPARQL Protocol (HTTP based Query Service)
• Virtuoso Tips and Tricks Collection
• Virtuoso SPARQL 1.1 Usage Examples Collection
• Virtuoso SPARQL 1.1 Syntax Tutorial
• Virtuoso Documentation