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---+Deploying Linked Data Guide - Glossary
[[VirtDeployingLinkedDataGuide][Deploying Linked Data - TOC]]


   * <b>class</b> - A concept in a domain of interest. A class describes the common attributes and behaviours shared by entities belonging to the same group by virtue of their common characteristics.
   * <b>content negotiation</b> - A mechanism defined in HTTP which supports serving different representations of a URL-addressable resource. An HTTP client can indicate which representation formats it understands and prefers.
   * <b>cURL</b> - A command line tool for transferring files to or from a URL. It writes to standard output by default and provides a good tool for simulating a web browser's interaction with an HTTP server.
   * <b>data source</b> - A source of data (e.g. a place that provides access to property values associated with one or more Entities).
   * <b>data resource</b> - same as data source
   * <b>data space</b> - A moniker for Web-accessible atomic containers that manage and expose data, information, services, processes, and knowledge. Data Spaces are fundamentally problem-domain-specific database applications with the benefit of being data model and query language agnostic.
   * <b>dereferencing</b> - The act of accessing and retrieving data, in desired representation, from a location identified by URL.
   * <b>document resource</b> - A Web information resource in a specific representation that is identifiable and accessible via a URL. Documents are the dominant information resource form on the Document Web (i.e., the current Web).
   * <b>Document Web</b> - Web of Linked Documents.
   * <b>entity</b> - Something, real or conceptual, which exists apart from other things.
   * <b>entity ID</b> - A unique identifier for an entity, uniquely identifying and distinguishing a particular entity instance from other similar entities (typically of the same type or class).
   * <b>entity set</b> - A collection of entities all belonging to the same class.
   * <b>HTTP (<nowiki>HyperText</nowiki> Transport Protocol)</b> - A communication protocol for information transfer on the World Wide Web.
   * <b>HTTP header</b> - A text record exchanged between an HTTP client and server, which forms part of an HTTP request or HTTP response message. A request consists of a method (or verb), headers, and an optional message body. The request header fields allow the client to send additional information about the request and the client itself. A response consists of a status line, headers, and an optional message body. A response header typically contains information about the data being returned and about the server itself.
   * <b>information resource</b> - An encapsulation of data and representation that forms the basic payload unit (packet) on the Web Information Bus.
   * <b>IRI (Internationalized Resource Identifier)</b> - An internationalized version of a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI). While URIs are limited to a subset of the ASCII character set, IRIs may contain any Unicode character.
   * <b>Linked Data</b> - A Data Access by Reference mechanism that uses HTTP as a pointer system for accessing the negotiated representation of resource/entity descriptions. For example, an RDF model based resource description can be projected (represented) using (X)HTML, N3, Turtle, or RDF/XML via content negotiation. At all times the data access mechanism and ultimate presentation/representation format are distinct..
   * <b>Linked Data Web</b> - Web of Linked Data.
   * <b>non-information resource</b> - Any resource that is not an information resource (i.e., not Web transportable in basic form). Structured data resource (see below) is a more accurate and preferable term.
   * <b>structured data resource</b> - A Web accessible container of structured data representing physical and abstract entities.
   * <b>structured data</b> - Data organized into semantic chunks or entities, with similar entities grouped together in relations or classes, and presented in a patterned manner.
   * <b>structured data source</b> - A repository of structured data.
   * <b>URL (Uniform Resource Locator)</b> - A URI that identifies a physical Web resource.
   * <b>URI (Uniform Resource Identifier)</b> - A global identification mechanism for resources (entities or objects) that is completely distinct from their presentation, representation and data access mechanism.
   * <b>Web information resource</b> - A compound document style of artifact that provides a materialized contextualization of data.


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